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They absorb em radiation or phonons(heat) i think, a different energy level is a different distance from the nucleus, higher energy = tive further away since it takes energy to move away from the attraction of the nucelus.

a million. Orbitals might desire to be seen the actual direction the electron follows around the nucleus. at an identical time as potential point are the quantity of potential (in J or eV or the different potential gadgets) those particular orbitals very own. the present concept says that each and each orbital corresponds to a definite quantity of potential, thereby the orbital energies are at different levels, and not a continuum. to illustrate orbital a million might very own 5J, and orbital 2 could be at 10J, there is not something in between; if an electron very own 7.5J of potential, it wouls nevertheless in trouble-free terms exist at orbital a million, not some intermediate orbit. 2 & 3. Electrons closest to the nucleus have an decrease volume of potential by way of fact they are greater fascinated in the constructive nucleus, which limit their freedom in a feeling. while electrons greater beneficial away have greater "freedom", and that they might bypass away the atomic nucleus (i.e exchange into ionized) lots greater definitely. in case you certainly learn this in greater intensity, you will learn that one and all bonded electrons certainly very own a detrimental potential. In a hydrogen atom, the 1st discreet potential point (n=a million) has -thirteen.6eV, and the better potential levels are purely much less detrimental. in case you provide the electron this is in that first potential point thirteen.6eV of potential, then it may now very own 0eV of potential, and might get away the pull of the nucleus. the comparable theory is used for gravitational ability potential.