(i) Styrene, the building block of polystyrene, is a hydrocarbon, a compound consisting only
of C and H. If you burn 0.438 g of the compound, and find that it produces 1.481 g of
CO2 and 0.303 g of H2O, determine the empirical formula of the compound.
Answer: CH
(ii) Mesitylene is a liquid hydrocarbon, a compound consisting only of C and H. If you burn
0.115 g of the compound, and find that it produces 0.379 g of CO2 and 0.1035 g of H2O,
determine the empirical formula of the compound.
Answer: C3H4
(iii) Phenanthrene is a hydrocarbon, a compound consisting only of C and H. If you burn
0.215 g of the compound, and find that it produces 0.747 g of CO2 and 0.109 g of H2O,
determine the empirical formula of the compound.
Answer: C7H5
(iv) Quinone, which is used in the dye industry and in photography, is an organic compound
containing only C, H, and O. What is the empirical formula of the compound if you find
that 0.105 g of the compound give 0.257 g of CO2 and 0.0350 g of H2O when burned
completely?
Answer: C3H2O
(v) Vinyl acetate, a compound containing only C, H, and O, is the basis of certain plastics. To
determine its empirical formula you burn 0.178 g and find it produces 0.364 g of CO2 and
0.112 g of H2O. What is the empirical formula of vinyl acetate?
Answer: C2H3O
(vi) Silicon and hydrogen form a series of interesting compounds, SixHy. To find the formula
of one of them, you take a 6.22 g sample of the compound and burn it in oxygen. On
doing so, all of the Si is converted to 11.64 g of SiO2 and all of the H to 6.980 g of H2O.
What is the empirical formula of the silicon compound?
Answer: SiH4
If anyone could help me at all, I would really appreciate it.
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Answers & Comments
Verified answer
(ii)
(0.379 g CO2) / (44.00964 g CO2/mol) x (1 mol C / 1 mol CO2) = 0.0086117 mol C
(0.1035 g H2O) / (18.01532 g H2O/mol) x (2 mol H / 1 mol H2O) = 0.011490 mol H
Divide by the smaller number of moles:
(0.0086117 mol C) / 0.0086117 mol = 1.000
(0.011490 mol H) / 0.0086117 mol = 1.334
In order to have integer coefficients, multiply by 3 and round to the nearest whole numbers to find the empirical formula:
C3H4