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12 volts is not enough to shock you. Static electricity builds up when your clothing rubs on your upholstery. This is why they don't want you getting in and out of your car when refueling, as the spark can travel to the spout where the fuel filler is and explode your car. The dome light is probably a dirty or corroded light socket or bad bulb or the switch is getting corroded. The radio changing channels is beyond me; my cars don't have that automated. If you had a short, your fuses would blow or wires would burn.

All separate problems. You have a bad radio, needs changed. The door jamb switch is bad or out of adjustment on one of the front doors, see which one and change it to fix the dome light; and the static shock when leaving the car is nothing but static, sometimes repairable by installing a static drag strip available at most parts stores.

Check the charging system to make sure you are not over charging or charging in alternating current.

Check fuses to make sure they are all okay, sometimes it is that simple....

If it is a short....

Shorts can be difficult to find. The best way is elimination. Find a good wiring diagram and see if you can find out which circuits are affected. Check these circuits for where the power is and were the ground should be. If you are past the load in the circuit you can use jumper wires to ground and see if that fixes the problem. If it does you know the problem is in the ground side, if it does not the problem is in the power side or the load.